At the COP 30 climate summit in Belém, Brazil, representatives of small-island states under the coalition Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) insisted that world leaders must honour the 1.5 °C global-warming limit, warning of catastrophic losses of land, culture and livelihood through rising seas and climate disasters. They argued that the pace of emissions reductions remains inadequate and called for strengthened finance for adaptation and loss-and-damage support. Indigenous groups also raised concerns about rainforest infrastructure projects and cultural rights.