Gold continued trading below the psychologically important $4,000 per ounce mark in early Asian session trade, with bullion demand constrained by the U.S. dollar holding near three-month highs amid broad macro defensiveness. Investors remain cautious as Fed officials continue to signal that near-term rate cut visibility remains weak, while U.S. economic resilience keeps longer duration yield demand supported. Meanwhile, global currencies showed strength following marginal easing of recent U.S.-China frictions, adding incremental resistance to bid-side flows. Traders now expect gold volatility to remain range-bound through this week until labour data and Fed communication cadence set new directional clarity.